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    臨床實(shí)驗(yàn) Clinical Trials-生物名詞

    放大字體  縮小字體 發(fā)布日期:2005-05-13

    用人體做實(shí)驗(yàn),弄清新藥或治療方法的安全性和功效。一般而言,臨床實(shí)驗(yàn)分為3個(gè)(有時(shí)4個(gè))階段:第一階段評(píng)估藥物的安全性;第二階段搞清藥物的最佳藥效和劑量;第三階段(病人數(shù)量最多的階段)搞清藥物的臨床藥效。有時(shí)還有第四階段,這期間藥物的長期效果在接受藥物的病人中被監(jiān)測(cè)。臨床實(shí)驗(yàn)是新藥開發(fā)過程中耗時(shí)最長,費(fèi)用最高的部分,一般要花費(fèi)5千萬到2億美元和3到5年時(shí)間。

     
    Studies performed on humans to determine the safety and efficacy of new drugs or therapies. Typically, clinical trials are divided into three (and sometimes four) phases: phase I trials evaluate the safety of the drug; phase II trials determine the optimum efficacy and dosage of the drug; and phase III trials (the largest phase in terms of number of patients) determine the clinical efficacy of the drug. Sometimes a phase IV (post-approval) trial is also pursued, where the long-term effects of the drug are monitored on those receiving prescriptions. Clinical trials are the longest and most expensive part of the process of creating a new drug, typically costing $50-200 million and taking 3-5 years.

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